When the Eldest Daughter Creating Family Harmony: The Practice of al-Ma‘rūf within Collective Inheritance Distribution System among the Semende Migrant Community
Abstract views: 430
PDF downloads: 195
Abstract
This article examines the collective inheritance distribution system in the Semende migrant community. This article focuses on two aspects: how the inheritance distribution system works in the Semende migrant community in the Kaur Regency and to what extent this inheritance distribution model creates harmony among family members. The data were obtained from academic works and interviews with community leaders in the field. This article concludes that the inheritance distribution in the Semende migrant community in Bengkulu uses a system called “tunggu tubang,” where the eldest daughter (tunggu tubang) keeps and manages the inherited wealth. Inheritance distribution always emphasizes consensus through deliberation. The inheritance distribution in the Semende tribe with the tunggu tubang system has proven to achieve harmony in both the legal system and among families. The research findings show a concept of al-ma'rūf in the inheritance distribution in the Semende migrant community. The idea of al-ma'rūf in the inheritance customs of Semende migrants reflects values respected and firmly held by the community. This concept forms the basis for maintaining harmony, preserving cultural identity, and regulating the inheritance process based on mutual agreement.
Artikel ini mengkaji sistem pembagian warisan kolektif pada komunitas Semende migran yang dikelola secara kolektif dan produktif. Kajian dalam artikel ini difokuskan pada dua hal, yakni bagaimana sistem pembagian harta warisan di komunitas Semende migran yang ada di Kabupaten Kaur Provinsi Bengkulu, dan sejauhmana model pembagian warisan tersebut dapat mewujudkan keharmonisan hukum dan keharmonisan di antara anggota keluarga. Data-data dalam artikel ini diperoleh dari literatur ilmiah dan wawancara dengan tokoh masyarakat di komunitas Semende. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan perspektif harmoni hukum, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembagian harta warisan pada masyarakat Semende migran di Bengkulu menggunakan sistem yang disebut tunggu tubang, di mana harta warisan disimpan dan dikelola oleh anak perempuan tertua (tunggu tubang). Pembagian harta warisan selalu mengedepankan musyawarah mufakat. Pembagian harta warisan yang ada di suku semende dengan sistem tunggu tubang terbukti dapat mewujudkan keharmonisan baik pada sistem hukum maupun keharmonisan di antara keluarga. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat bangunan konsep al-ma'rūf dalam pembagian warisan pada komunitas Semende migran. Konsep al-ma’rūf dalam kewarisan adat Semende migran ini mencerminkan nilai-nilai yang dihormati dan dipegang teguh oleh masyarakat. Konsep ini membentuk dasar untuk menjaga keharmonisan, memelihara identitas budaya, serta mengatur proses kewarisan dengan prinsip kesepakatan bersama.
References
Abd Bāqi, M. Fuad. Al-Mu’jam al-Mufahras li Alfāẓ Al-Qur’ān. Kairo: Dār al Hadīs, 1992.
Amin Suma, Muhammad. Keadilan Hukum Waris Islam: Dalam Pendekatan Teks Dan Konteks. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2013.
Arifin, Zainal. “Harte Dan Tungguan : Redefinisi Adat Tunggu Tubang Pada Komunitas Semende Migran.” Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya 22, no. 2 (2020): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v22i2.887.
———. “Tunggu Tubang: Marginalisasi Perempuan Semende.” Musawa: Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Islam 16, no. 2 (2017): 236–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2017.162.236-247.
Arobiyah, Jumhur Masrul. Mu’jam al-Wasīṭ. Maktabah as-Syarug al-Daulah, 2005.
Aṣfahani (al-), al-Rāghib. Al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb Al-Qur’ān. In 1, 591. Beirūt - Libanon: Dār al-Qalām, 1993.
Hadikusuma, Hilman. Hukum Waris Adat. Bandung: Alumni, 2003.
Haeriyyah. “Al-Ma’ruf Dalam Al-Qur’an (Tinjauan Semantik).” Nady Al-Adab: Jurnal Bahasa Arab, no. 200 (2021): 140–56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20956/jna.v18i1.13923.
Hasballah, Khairuddin, Ridwan Nurdin, Muslim Zainuddin, and Mutiara Fahmi. “Patah Titi and Substitute Heirs: A Study of Legal Pluralism on the Inheritance System in Aceh Community.” Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 21, no. 2 (2021).
Hazairin. “Perdebatan Faraid Dalam Seminar Hukum Nasional,” Jakarta: Tintamas, 1963.
Ibn Farhun, Burhān al-Din Ibrāhim Ibn 'Ali Ibn Abi al-Qāsim Ibn Muhammad. Tabṣirat al-Hukkām fī al-Aqdiyah wa Manāhij al-Ahkām. Kairo: Maktabah al Kulliyāt al-Aẓhariyyah, 1986.
Ibn Kaṡir al-Dimasqi, Imāduddin Abi al-Fida’ Ismāil ibn Umar. Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-Aẓim. In 1, 479. Beirut - Libanon: Dār al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1998.
Ibrahim, Duski. Al-Qawa'id Al-Fiqhiyah (Kaidah-Kaidah Fiqih). Palembang: Noer Fikr, 2019.
Indrasukma, Andre. “Pengelolaan Harta Pusaka Tinggi Di Minangkabau: Studi Kasus Di Kubang Putiah Kecamatan Banuhampu Kabupaten Agam Sumatra Barat.” Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 14, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2021.14108.
Khosyi’ah, Siah, and Ayi Yunus Rusyana. “Inheritance Settlement of Descendants of Children and Siblings in Islamic Law with Local Wisdom in Indonesia.” Cogent Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2126615.
Maragi (al-), Ahmad Musṭafa. Tafsīr al-Maragi. In 2, 194–95. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 2006.
Moechtar, Oemar. Perkembangan Hukum Waris : Praktik Penyelesaian Sengketa Kewarisan Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group, 2019.
Munawwir, Ahmad Warson. Kamus Al-Munawwir. Surabaya: Pustaka Progresif, 1984.
Munir, Zainal Arifin Haji. “Analysis of Patterns for Inheritance Dispute Settlement in the Tradition of Sasak Community in Lombok.” Mazahib Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam 20, no. 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v20i2.3774.
Najib, Agus Moh. “Metodologi Ijtihad Mazhab Indonesia : Menelusuri Pemikiran Ushul Fikih Hazairin.” Asy-Syir’ah 50, no. 1 (2016).
Nurdin, Ali. Qur’anic Society : Menelusuri Konsep Masyarakat Ideal Dalam Al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2006.
Purkon, Arip. “Pembagian Harta Waris Dengan Wasiat (Pendekatan Ushul Fiqih).” Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law 2, no. 1 (2018): 47–56. https://doi.org/10.32507/mizan.v2i1.133.
Rahardjo, M. Dawan. Ensiklopedi Al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Paramadina, 1996.
Rahman, Ulfiani, Idham, M. Dalip, Makmur, and Anwar Sewang. “Men and Women in the Distribution of Inheritance in Mandar, West Sulawesi, Indonesia.” Samarah 6, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.9094.
Rajafi, Ahmad. “Kewarisan Produktif (Meramu Makna Adil Melalui Waris Produktif).” Ar-Risalah 16, no. 2 (2016): 303–14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v16i02.313.
Rifqi, Muhammad Jazil. “The Superiority of Customary Law over Islamic Law on the Existence of Inheritance.” Millah, December 31, 2021, 217–52. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol21.iss1.art8.
Rohmansyah, Zayad Abd. Rahman, and Abdul Wahab Ahmad Khalil. “Praktik Waris Adat Tunggu Tubang Pada Masyarakat Semendo Pajar Bulan Lampung Barat.” Mahakim: Journal of Islamic Family Law 6, no. 2 (2022). https://doi.org/10.30762/mahakim.v6i2.152.
Rosyid, Moh, and Lina Kushidayati. “Anticipating Disaster: The ‘Urf Perspective of Rebo Wekasan Ceremony in Kudus, Central Java.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial 17, no. 1 (2022): 91–112. https://doi.org/10.19105/AL-LHKAM.V17I1.5705.
Sa’id al-Khan, Musthafa. “Abdullah Bin Abbas Habr Al-Ummah Wa Tarjuman Alquran,” 79–80, n.d.
Saiin, Asrizal. “Menelaah Hukum Waris Pra-Islam Dan Awal Islam Serta Peletakan Dasar-Dasar Hukum Kewarisan Islam.” Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 9, no. 1 (2017): 125. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2016.09108.
Salmudin, Salmudin, Firman Muntaqo, and KN. Sopyan Hasan. “Tunggu Tubang as a Method for Peaceful Inheritance Distribution of Semende Indigenous Peoples/Tunggu Tubang Sebagai Metode Pembagian Harta Waris Secara Damai Masyarakat Adat Semende.” De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah 13, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v13i1.11028.
Samardi, A. Sukris Samardi. “Dekontruksi Hukum Progresif Ahli Waris Pengganti Dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam,” 189. Yogyakarta: Aswaja Pressindo, 2012.
ash-Shabuni, Muhammad Ali. Pembagian Waris Menurut Islam, trans.: A.M Basamalah. Gema Inasani Press, 1995.
Soekanto, Soerjono and Soleman B. Taneko. Hukum Adat Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1986.
Soerojo Wignjodipoero. Pengantar Dan Asas-Asas Hukum Adat. Jakarta: CV. Haji Mas Agung, 1995.
Syaikhu, Syaikhu, M. Fahmi Al Amruzi, Mujiburrahman Mujiburrahman, and Norwili Norwili. “Legal Harmonization in the Distribution of Inheritance in the Dayak Ngaju Community in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.” Samarah 7, no. 1 (2023): 195–215. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i1.12410.
Syarkun, Syuhada’. Menguasai Ilmu Faraidh, 121. Jakarta: Pustaka Syarkun, 2019.
Tono, S. “The Harmonious Relationship between Minangkabau Custom and Islam in the Distribution of Inheritance.” Al-Shajarah (2019): 39–55. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85079488642.
Utomo, Stefanus Laksanto. Hukum Adat, 172–74. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2016.
Velinda, Azelia, Wilodati Wilodati, and Aceng Kosasih. “TUNGGU TUBANG DALAM PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN PADA MASYARAKAT SUKU SEMENDE.” SOSIETAS 7, no. 2 (2018). https://doi.org/10.17509/sosietas.v7i2.10360.
Wahidah, Haji, and IAIN Antasari Press. Buku Ajar Fikh Waris, 54. Yogyakarta: Aswaja Pressindo, 2014.
Yunus, Mahmud. Kamus Arab-Indonesia. Jakarta: PT. Hidakarya Agung, 1990.
Zuhaili (al-), Wahbah. Tafsīr al-Munīr fī al-Aqīdah wa al-Syariah wa al-Manhaj. Damaskus: Dār al Fikr, 2009.
“3 Sistem Kewarisan Adat: Individual, Kolektif, Dan Mayorat”, in https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/sistem-kewarisan-adat-lt6302e0a5c7e43/, accessed January 26, 2024.
“Tafsir Kementerian Agama,” n.d. in https://quran.kemenag.go.id/quran/per-ayat/surah/7?from=199&to=199. Accessed November 25, 2023.
Interview with Bin Sangkut, community leader of Kec. Maje, on May 6, 2023.
Interview with Nasran, a community figure in Kecamatan Maje, on June 10, 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmad Bahauddin AM, Ahmad Rofiq, Agus Nurhadi, Ahmad Luqman Hakim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Asy-Syir'ah : Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum by Faculty of Sharia and Law, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
